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#2 全志 SOC » V3S与f1c100基于最新u-boot+linux开发记录 » 2024-05-24 09:34:17
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# V3S与f1c100基于最新u-boot+linux开发记录
## 准备工作
先更新下本地软件包列表，是否更新软件自己决定
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade### 安装编译工具链
安装编译工具链（这里直接使用apt安装的13版本）
#不带FPU(f1c100)
sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
#带FPU(v3s)
sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf检查工具链版本，测试是否安装成功
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc -v
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v手动安装方式:
上面安装的是linaro出的编译器，所以这里以arm出的编译器为例，
先在官网 https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/arm-gnu-toolchain-downloads 下载编译器 ，这里下载 13.2 rel1版本
tar -xvf arm-gnu-toolchain-13.2.rel1-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz -C /home/name/toolchain/arm-gnu-toolchain-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf在 /etc/profile 中添加
export PATH="$PATH:/home/lqy/toolchain/arm-gnu-toolchain-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf/bin"重新加载环境变量的配置文件
source /etc/profile检查是否生效
arm-none-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v### 安装编译必要的依赖库和工具
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev swig bison flex gparted libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo apt-get install git## uboot编译
### 克隆uboot仓库
git clone https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/u-boot.git上面是荔枝派仓库，这里我们使用u-boot主线仓库
git clone https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot.git切换到最新的v2024.01标签并创建分支
git checkout -b v2024.01 v2024.01注意:因为不想编译时输入那么多命令，故修改根目录下Makefile中
ifeq ($(HOSTARCH),$(ARCH))
CROSS_COMPILE ?=
endif下添加
ARCH ?=arm
CROSS_COMPILE ?=arm-linux-gnueabihf-这样可以省略 ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
使用荔枝派Zero配置
make licheepi_nano_defconfig
make LicheePi_Zero_defconfig### uboot配置
图形配置:
make menuconfigf1c100s的话修改以下（可选）：
`arch/arm/mach-sunxi/dram_suniv.c` 中
`struct dram_para suniv_dram_para` 中 .clk的156 换成 CONFIG_DRAM_CLK
`ARM architecture > (156) sunxi dram clock speed` 修改为 240 (若上面没修改则在此处修改)
`General setup > (408000000) CPU clock frequency` 主频修改为 720000000
`boot 16/32M fat16` (大小自己根据kernel/dtb大小决定)
rootfs -- ext4
#### 启动配置:
如果需要flash启动，勾选 `Device Drivers > SPI Support 和 Device Drivers > MTD Support > SPI Flash Support`
之后根据自己flash厂家勾选对应支持，我这里勾选`Winbond SPI flash support`
若不支持也别着急搞驱动，勾选`SFDP table parsing support for SPI NOR flashes (NEW)`可以支持SFDP协议的flash，基本上都支持
若flash大于16M,勾选上 `SPI flash Bank/Extended address register support (NEW)`
S`PI Flash default speed in Hz`自行修改
勾选 Boot options > Enable boot arguments
如果需要TF启动，Boot arguments (NEW)修改为
console=ttyS0,115200 panic=5 rootwait root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 earlyprintk rw如果需要flash启动，Boot arguments (NEW)修改为
console=ttyS0,115200 panic=5 rootwait;mtdparts=spi32766.0:1M(uboot)ro,64k(dtb)ro,4M(kernel)ro,-(rootfs) root=31:03 earlyprintk rw rootfstype=jffs2勾选 Boot options > Enable a default value for bootcmd
如果需要TF启动，bootcmd value 修改为
#f1c
load mmc 0:1 0x80008000 zImage;load mmc 0:1 0x80c08000 suniv-f1c100s-licheepi-nano.dtb;bootz 0x80008000 - 0x80c08000
#v3s
load mmc 0:1 0x41000000 zImage;load mmc 0:1 0x41800000 sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb;bootz 0x41000000 - 0x41800000如果需要flash启动，bootcmd value 修改为
sf probe 0;sf read 0x41800000 0x100000 0x10000;sf read 0x41000000 0x110000 0x400000;bootz 0x41000000 - 0x41800000**flash启动环境命令解析：**
sf probe 0; //初始化Flash设备（CS拉低）
sf read 0x41800000 0x100000 0x10000;//从flash 0x100000（1MB）位置读取dtb放到内存0x41800000偏移处。
sf read 0x41000000 0x110000 0x400000;//从flash 0x110000（1MB+64KB）位置读取dtb放到内存0x41000000偏移处。
bootz 0x41000000 （内核地址）- 0x41800000（dtb地址） 启动内核
默认延迟2s启动，不想等待可以修改
Boot options > Autoboot options > (2) delay in seconds before automatically booting
**注意:delay 参数首次启动时候会写入配置文件，后续启动会优先按照配置中启动，所以后续修改要清理配置文件才会生效**
编译
make -j24至此u-boot编译完毕，编译成功后得到 `u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin`
## linux编译
### 克隆linux仓库
git clone https://github.com/Lichee-Pi/linux.git上面是荔枝派仓库，这里我们使用linux主线仓库
git clone https://github.com/torvalds/linux.git切换到最新的v6.7标签并创建分支
git checkout -b v6.7 v6.7此处clone需要大量时间，推荐直接在 kernel.org 下载
注意:同u-boot,因为不想输入那么多命令，故修改根目录下Makefile中
ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)改为
ARCH ?=arm
CROSS_COMPILE ?=arm-linux-gnueabihf-这样可以省略 ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-
复制Lichee-Pi的arch/arm/configs/licheepi_xxx_defconfig配置到linux主线对应目录下随后使用荔枝派配置
make licheepi_nano_defconfig
make licheepi_zero_defconfig### 内核配置
图形配置
make menuconfig编译
make -j24make dtbs
make -j24 INSTALL_MOD_PATH=out modulesmake -j24 INSTALL_MOD_PATH=out modules_install至此linux内核编译完成，生成内核文件zImage在arch/arm/boot下，设备树文件sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb在arch/arm/boot/dts/allwinner下，驱动模块在out/下
## 根文件系统编译
### 下载最新buildroot
wget https://buildroot.org/downloads/buildroot-2023.11.tar.gz解压
tar xvf buildroot-2023.11.tar.gz### 根文件系统配置:
图形配置
make menuconfig下载源
Build options → Mirrors and Download locations
(https://sources.buildroot.net) Backup download site
(https://cdn.kernel.org/pub) Kernel.org mirror
(http://ftpmirror.gnu.org) GNU Software mirror
(http://rocks.moonscript.org) LuaRocks mirror
(https://cpan.metacpan.org) CPAN mirror (Perl packages)修改为
(https://sources.buildroot.net) Backup download site
(https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kernel.org) Kernel.org mirror
(https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/gnu) GNU Software mirror
(https://luarocks.cn) LuaRocks mirror
(https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN) CPAN mirror (Perl packages)工具链：
Toolchain
-> Toolchain type = External toolchain
-> Toolchain = Custom toolchain
-> Toolchain origin = Pre-installed toolchain
-> Toolchain path =
-> Toolchain prefix = $(ARCH)-linux-gnueabihf
-> External toolchain gcc version = 11.9.x
-> External toolchain kernel headers series = 4.1.x
-> External toolchain C library = glibc
-> [*] Toolchain has SSP support? (NEW)
-> [*] Toolchain has RPC support? (NEW)
-> [*] Toolchain has C++ support? 系统配置：
System configuration
-> System hostname = Jasonangel //平台名字，自行设置
-> System banner = Welcome to xxxxx //欢迎语
-> Init system = BusyBox //使用 busybox
-> /dev management = Dynamic using devtmpfs + mdev //使用 mdev
-> [*] Enable root login with password (NEW) //使能登录密码
-> Root password = 123456 //登录密码为 123456文件系统格式：
-> Filesystem images
-> [*] ext2/3/4 root filesystem //如果是 EMMC 或 SD 卡的话就用 ext3/ext4
-> ext2/3/4 variant = ext4 //选择 ext4 格式
-> [*] ubi image containing an ubifs root filesystem //如果使用 NAND 的话就用 ubifs等等，按需配置
编译
make## 其他功能/应用配置
### 显示
DRM:
linux内核配置：
Memory Management options -> Contiguous Memory Allocator
Library routines -> DMA Contiguous Memory Allocator
(256) Size in Mega Bytesrgb屏幕为例:
Device Drivers > Graphics support > Display Panels -> support for simple panels (other than eDP ones)如果还想使用fb*设备，勾选 `Enable legacy fbdev support for your modesetting driver`
设备树添加:
/ {
backlight: backlight {
compatible = "pwm-backlight";
pwms = <&pwm 0 1000000 0>;
brightness-levels = <0 30 40 50 60 70 100>;
default-brightness-level = <6>;
};
panel: panel {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
compatible = "qiaodian,qd43003c0-40", "simple-panel";//480x272
port@0 {
reg = <0>;
backlight = <&backlight>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
panel_input: endpoint@0 {
reg = <0>;
remote-endpoint = <&tcon0_out_lcd>;
};
};
};
};
&de {
status = "okay";
};
&pwm {
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&pwm0_pin>;
status = "okay";
};
&tcon0 {
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&lcd_rgb666_pins_a>;
status = "okay";
};
&tcon0_out {
tcon0_out_lcd: endpoint@0 {
reg = <0>;
remote-endpoint = <&panel_input>;
};
};如果想屏幕显示linux小企鹅
Device Drivers > Graphics support > Bootup logo
[*] Standard black and white Linux logo (NEW)
[*] Standard 16-color Linux logo (NEW)
[*] Standard 224-color Linux logo (NEW)如果想显示log则需要boot arguments里添加tty0即 console=ttyS0 改为 console=tty0 console=ttyS0
### 触屏
Device Drivers > Input device support >
Horizontal screen resolution
Vertical screen resolution
Touchscreens
Goodix I2C touchscree
### 音频
#### 配置
因为设备树里已经有codec了，我们只需要在设备树里开启即可
&codec {
allwinner,audio-routing =
"Headphone", "HP",
"Headphone", "HPCOM",
"MIC1", "Mic",
"Mic", "HBIAS";
status = "okay";
};初始化会看到
ALSA device list:
[ 1.410776] #0: V3s Audio Codec执行 `ls /dev/snd/`可以看到
controlC0 pcmC0D0c pcmC0D0p timeralsamixer 解除静音
### 视频播放
根文件系统配置：
Target packages → Audio and video applications → ffmpeg
Build ffmpeg (the command line application)
Build ffplay
Build ffprobe
Target packages → Graphic libraries and applications (graphic/text)
mesa3d
Gallium lima driver
OpenGL EGL
OpenGL ES软解播放视频：
mpv --no-video test.mp3
ffmpeg -i test.mp4 -s 480x272 -pix_fmt bgra -f fbdev /dev/fb0
mpv --vo=drm --drm-draw-surface-size=480x272 test.mp4改为200为双缓冲
`Device Drivers > Graphics support > (100) Overallocation of the fbdev buffer`
硬解播放视频配置:
Device Drivers > Staging drivers > Media staging drivers
Allwinner sunXi family Video Devices
Allwinner Cedrus VPU driver
<*> Allwinner A31 Image Signal Processor (ISP) Driver Device Drivers > Multimedia support > Media drivers
[*] Media platform devices (NEW) --->
[*] V4L platform devices
[*] Memory-to-memory multimedia devices
<*> Deinterlace support
<*> Video Multiplexer
<*> Allwinner Deinterlace driver
[*] V4L test drivers --->
<*> Virtual Memory-to-Memory Driver
<*> Virtual Codec Driver
<*> Virtual Media Controller Driver (VIMC)
<*> Virtual Video Test Driver
[ ] Enable CEC emulation support (NEW)
(64) Maximum number of devices (NEW)
< > Virtual Stateless Decoder Driver (visl) 硬解播放视频：
ffmpeg -hwaccel drm -hwaccel_device /dev/dri/card0 -s 480x272 -pix_fmt bgra -f fbdev /dev/fb0 -i /home/test.mp4
mpv --vo=drm --hwdec=auto --drm-draw-surface-size=480x272 /home/test.mp4## 烧录
### 准备工作:
安装gparted
sudo apt install gparted
选择TF卡卸载删除全部分区
首先新建linux分区，之前可用空间预留1M为uboot，新建32M fat16文件系统，卷标boot
### 烧录uboot
使用dd命令烧录u-boot到TF卡8K偏移处:
sudo dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/sdb bs=1024 seek=8
如果不是第一次烧录，会有uboot env参数已经写入，会导致比如修改启动延迟不生效等问题，清除uboot分区
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1024 count=1024 seek=8
**注意:/dev/sdb 指的是TF卡，可能是sdb也有可能是sdc，主要还是用命令 fdisk -l 来查看**
### 拷贝kernel以及设备树
拷贝kernel
sudo cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/lqy/BOOT/
拷贝设备树
sudo cp arch/arm/boot/dts/allwinner/sun8i-v3s-licheepi-zero.dtb /media/lqy/BOOT/
### 解压根文件系统
sudo tar -xvf rootfs.tar -C /media/lqy/rootfs/
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